Diabetes and fetus
Diabetes and the fetus
Diabetes in pregnancy can be pre-existing (type 1 or type 2) or gestational (diabetes only during the pregnancy). Irrespectively of the type of diabetes, well controlled blood sugars are essential to avoid complications for the mother and baby.
Diabetes that is not well controlled causes the baby's blood sugar to be high. The developing baby has excessive growth and produces a lot of urine leading to increased amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios).
Large for gestational babies of diabetic mothers are at risk of placental insufficiency, shoulder dystocia and preterm birth. Known long-term fetal adverse effects are obesity, overweight, insulin resistance and impaired neurocognitive development.
However, it is important to highlight that well controlled diabetes reduces the above risks and the majority of the babies born to mothers with diabetes are absolutely well and normal.
Remember: Controlling blood sugar keeps you and your baby healthy and prevents a difficult delivery!
A lot of useful information about diabetes and pregnancy is available here (click here).
